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Tom Bradley |
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Tom Bradley was an American politician, five-term
mayor of Los Angeles, California, and three-term
Los Angeles city councilman.
He was the first African-American mayor of
Los Angeles, one of the first black Los Angeles
city councilmen, one of the first African-Americans
to serve as mayor of a major U.S. city, and the
first African-American mayor of a predominantly
white city.
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Mayor Tom Bradley
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Biographical fast facts |
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Date, time and place of birth: December 29, 1917,
near Calvert, Texas, U.S.A.
Date, time, place and cause of death: September 29, 1998,
at approximately 9 a.m., Kaiser Permanente West Los Angeles Medical Center,
6041 Cadillac Avenue, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A. (Heart attack)
Marriage
Wife: Ethel May Arnold (m. May 4, 1941 - September 29, 1998) (his death)
Family/Relatives
Siblings: Lawrence, Willa Mae, Ellis, and Howard
Children
Daughters: Lorraine Bradley and Phyllis Bradley
Note: They also had a daughter who died the day she was born.
Parents
Father: Lee Thomas Bradley (a porter for the Santa Fe railroad)
Mother: Crenner (Hawkins) Bradley (a maid)
Burial site: Inglewood Park Cemetery, Inglewood, California, U.S.A.
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Biography |
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Tom Bradley was born to poor sharecroppers who lived in a small
log cabin outside Calvert, Texas. His grandfather had been a
slave. The Bradley's arrived in Los Angeles in 1924, and lived
near Temple and Alvarado streets. The family consisted of father
Lee Thomas Bradley, mother Crenner (Hawkins) Bradley, Tom and
his siblings, Lawrence, Willa Mae, Ellis, who had cerebral
palsy, and Howard. Tom attended Rosemont Elementary School and
Lafayette Junior High School, and was a standout athlete in high
school.
He received an athletic scholarship to the University of
California at Los Angeles where he distinguished himself on
the Bruin track team. After placing near the top on a Los
Angeles Police Department recruitment exam during his junior
year at UCLA, Bradley decided to drop out of college, and
entered the L.A. Police Academy. During his time on the
force, he worked as a detective, a juvenile officer, and
in police-community relations. Toward the end of his career
in law enforcement, he was not only working full-time with
the LAPD, but was going to night school to earn his law
degree from Southwestern University. He actually graduated
and passed the California bar exam while still on the police
force. Following 21 years of service (1940-61), Lieutenant
Tom Bradley retired from the LAPD.
After a brief period practicing law, he was urged by community
leaders to run for a seat on the Los Angeles City Council.
He won, and went on to serve three terms on the L.A. city
council (1963-73). In the Los Angeles mayoral election of
1969, Bradley challenged outspoken incumbent Mayor Sam Yorty.
Tom Bradley lost his bid for the city's highest office in
what turned into a bitter campaign. With the Watts riots
still fresh in the minds of many Los Angeles residents,
all it took to swing the election Sam Yorty's way were a
few leaked files that implied Bradley was a left-wing
radical with communist leanings. Four years later, Tom
Bradley would successfully unseat Mayor Yorty. At a time
when the city was only 18 percent African-American, Bradley
forged a broad-based coalition of liberals and moderates
to win the election.
As the 37th mayor of Los Angeles, Bradley presided over a
period of enormous growth in Los Angeles. The city emerged
as a world-class metropolis that took its place as an
international trade center. Mayor Bradley remained such a
well-respected figure among the electorate, that he would
go on to serve an unprecedented five-terms in office
(1973-93). During his tenure, the city surpassed Chicago
to become the second-largest city in the United States.
He oversaw a massive downtown redevelopment project that
successfully revitalized much of the formerly rundown,
seedy downtown area. Perhaps his most visible legacies
remain the Los Angeles subway system and light-rail mass
transit system. Improving and expanding public transportation
was one of his earliest campaign promises.
Some dubbed him the Teflon mayor, or "Teflon Tom" for his
seeming ability to avoid being touched by any serious scandal.
All that changed in the waning years of his political career,
when he found himself defending his integrity, as scandals
erupted over some questionable financial dealings, and possible
financial conflict-of-interest charges. Investigations revealed
that Bradley had been paid to serve on the board of advisors
of a bank and the board of directors of a savings and loan
association, both of which had dealings with the city. Those
disclosures led to wider investigations into his personal
finances. Inquiries exposed the mayor's secret acceptance of
a consultancy from a Los Angeles bank, who in turn, received
an unexplained two million dollars from the city. Although
no proof of criminal wrongdoing was found, the report
criticized the mayor on ethical grounds and for his poor
judgment.
Following the 1992 Rodney King riots, Mayor Tom Bradley
announced he would not seek reelection. After leaving
office, he joined the Los Angeles office of Brobeck,
Phleger & Harrison. The former mayor worked on
international trade issues for the firm.
In March 1996, Bradley suffered a heart attack that led
to triple bypass surgery. Following the surgery, he
suffered a stroke that left him partially paralyzed and
unable to speak. Friends report he later regained most
of his mobility but never regained his ability to speak.
Tom Bradley was married to Ethel (Arnold) Bradley for
57 years. They had two daughters, Lorraine and Phyllis.
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